Legalism and Confucianism are two important schools of thought in ancient China, with obvious similarities and differences:

Different concepts: Confucianism focuses on traditional moral concepts and personal values ​​such as "benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom and trust" Cultivation believes that social harmony can be achieved through individual self-improvement and behavioral norms; while Legalism emphasizes the idea of ​​"rule of law" and believes that the maintenance of social order and the prosperity of the country can be achieved through the formulation of majestic laws and administrative means.

The political goals are different: Confucianism emphasizes that the world is for the common good and advocates governing the world with benevolence, establishing a harmonious social order, and achieving social stability and people's happiness; while Legalism emphasizes the supremacy of monarchy and advocates the rule of law. Establish a strict state apparatus and an authoritative legal system to achieve national rule and maximize national interests.

The attitudes towards the people are different: Confucianism focuses on the exploration of human emotions and humanity, emphasizing the harmonious relationship between gentlemen and the people; while Legalism advocates strict control and punitive measures, emphasizing power and deterrence. .

Educational thoughts are different: Confucianism believes that education should be centered on inspiring students' potential and cultivating students' morality; while Legalism emphasizes training and restraint, requiring education to strictly follow established systems and standards. to proceed.

In short, Confucianism pays attention to personal cultivation and social harmony, while Legalism pays attention to the legal system and state governance. The two have very different ideological concepts and political goals.