as a country with a long history, China's relations with neighboring countries and western countries have gone through a long time. Before the Opium War, an oriental international relations system was formed with China as the center. Under this system, China doesn't care much about the development of the western world. The development of western capitalism and the expansion of colonialism were closely linked with China through the Opium War. The western-style international relations system, with artillery as the vanguard, quickly pushed the trade and colonial system to the east, and the eastern-style international relations system, which was maintained by morality and dignity, was quickly defeated. China is struggling in the harsh international relations environment of humiliation, compensation, cession of land and erosion of sovereignty. At the beginning of the 2th century, that is, after the signing of the "Xin Chou Treaty", China's national power declined to the "bottom" no matter from the perspective of international relations or from the perspective of domestic historical process.

In the midst of failure and humiliation, China's advanced elements are thinking and starting to wake up. A group of early reformist thinkers criticized the Westernization Movement. They criticized that the Westernization School only knew "learning from foreigners' long skills", but only took the fur of western art and failed to get the essentials of western art. Therefore, Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and others, with the support of Emperor Guangxu, launched the Reform Movement of 1898. Within a hundred days, imperial edicts on politics, economy, military affairs, law and school education came like snowflakes, seemingly vigorous and promising. However, the coup followed, Guangxu was imprisoned, Kang Liang fled, and the six gentlemen Wyndell Dichinson Caishikou. The anti-imperialist patriotic actions of farmers in North China also failed in a pool of blood. How can such a stubborn feudal autocratic government lead the country's reform and progress?

Dr. Sun Yat-sen was an outstanding revolutionary who profoundly revealed the social development direction of China in the early 2th century. In the difficult exploration, he clearly put forward three propositions: nationality, civil rights and people's livelihood, and initiated the modern national democratic revolution in China in a complete sense. The success of the Revolution of 1911 destroyed the feudal monarchy in China for more than 2, years and established a new state form designed according to the bourgeois democratic political concept. However, after the Revolution of 1911, the state power was controlled by Yuan Shikai and Beiyang warlords, the warlords fought, the country was in no peace, the people were in no life, and there was still no hope for the country's independence, democracy and prosperity.

during the may 4th movement, advanced intellectuals resolutely raised the banner of democracy and science, and profoundly criticized feudalism from ideological, moral and cultural aspects, thus opening the prelude to ideological enlightenment. Some people have doubts about capitalist society and put forward a plan to transform China society. The October Revolution in Russia had an important influence on them. They saw the workers become the masters of the country for the first time, and thought it was "the victory of socialism" and "the victory of the world working class is the victory of the new trend in the twentieth century". This idea has influenced the development direction of the New Culture Movement as well as the May 4th Movement. During the May 4th Movement, the widespread spread of Marxism in China and the intensification of China's domestic troubles and foreign invasion prompted advanced intellectuals to gather under the banner of Marxism. In 1921, the China * * * Production Party was established and became the leader of the revolutionary movement in China, which met the needs of history.

in the 192s, with the help of China's * * * production party, China Kuomintang held its first national congress, which formed the first cooperation between the two countries and won the victory of defeating the Beiyang warlords. But since then, Chiang Kai-shek monopolized the leadership of the national revolution and betrayed the cooperation of the country, resulting in the breakdown of cooperation and the civil war of the country. In 1937, Japanese imperialism launched a full-scale war of aggression against China. In the face of an unprecedented national crisis, the China Producer Party and the China Nationalist Party once again joined hands to mobilize the people of the whole country to fight against Japanese aggression, and finally won the victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Chiang Kai-shek insisted on the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, which led to the breakdown of cooperation between the two countries.

In this process, the China * * * producers, represented by Comrade Mao Zedong, combined Marxism–Leninism with the reality of the China revolution, founded Mao Zedong Thought, formed the new-democratic revolutionary theory and the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal strategies and tactics under the guidance of this theory, put forward the correct policy to guide the China revolution to victory, and pointed out that China must first go through the new democracy and then enter the socialist development road, laying a profound political and ideological foundation for the establishment of the new China.

it is the inevitable result of the historical development of modern China that the new China will take the socialist road.

After the May 4th Movement, especially after the cooperation between countries, whether to take capitalism as the direction of national development or socialism as the direction of national development is a question that many people, especially intellectuals, are thinking about, and it is also a question that political parties concerned about the direction of social development in China are seriously thinking about. Among all kinds of national salvation schemes, the Three People's Principles and socialism have the greatest influence. The spread and implementation of these two thoughts or doctrines have influenced the development direction of China society. In modern China, which kind of political forces can lead the people to win the victory of the democratic revolution, which kind of political forces can gain the initiative to guide China to take what road.

The Three People's Principles is a political and ideological proposition put forward by Dr. Sun Yat-sen in the international and domestic situation at the beginning of the 2th century, and it is the basic program of China's bourgeois-democratic revolution. This proposition or program was restated by Sun Yat-sen at the first National Congress of the Chinese Nationalist Party in 1924, which reflected the demand of the state to cooperate against the northern warlords at that time. What reflects Sun Yat-sen's thought of social transformation is the thought of people's livelihood in the Three People's Principles. After the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in early 1925, with the split of the Kuomintang in China, the Three People's Principles were tampered with by careerists with different political opinions within the Kuomintang. The tampered "Three People's Principles" violated Dr. Sun Yat-sen's policy of "uniting with Russia, uniting with * * * and helping the peasants and workers", opposed Marxism and socialist theory, opposed and slaughtered the * * * production party, and advocated suppressing the workers and peasants' movement. The Kuomintang (KMT) and Chiang Kai-shek deviated from the interests of the people and the direction of modern China's historical progress, and finally lost completely in the Armageddon that decided China's historical destiny. The fact that the Three People's Principles could not save China was proved in such a decisive battle.

Only the theory of new democracy can save China. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: "Only through democracy can we reach socialism, which is the natural principle of Marxism." "The democratic revolution is the necessary preparation for the socialist revolution, and the socialist revolution is the inevitable trend of the democratic revolution". Democratic society is a transitional society, and its future must be a socialist society. That is to say, the new democratic theory clearly defines the socialist development direction of China. It is the historical choice and the people's choice for China to take the socialist road, which has been tested by harsh historical practice.

The founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949 was the total accumulation of experiences and lessons from the old democratic revolution to the new democratic revolution, which marked the final victory of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle in modern China. This is a great milestone in the history of China for more than 1 years, and it is also a great milestone in the history of China for 5, years. It ended the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society since the Opium War, the feudal autocratic system of more than 2, years, the development trend that China might move towards the capitalist world system, the history that a few oppressors and exploiters ruled the broad masses of working people, and the situation that the country was torn apart, fought incessantly and the people lived in poverty and lost their lives. For the first time, China people saw an independent, unified new China, where the people are the masters of the country, standing in the world. (