Vehicle urea is an essential product for heavy-duty diesel vehicles to meet the National IV emission standards. Urea for vehicles refers to a urea aqueous solution with a urea concentration of 32.5% and ultrapure water as the solvent. The raw materials are urea crystals and ultrapure water. To meet the National IV emission standards for diesel vehicles such as heavy-duty trucks and buses, a suitable SCR system must be selected for exhaust gas treatment, and this system must use urea solution to treat nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Therefore, vehicle urea solution has become a necessary product for heavy-duty trucks and buses to meet the National IV emission standards.
SCR is the best choice for my country’s emission reduction. At present, the current domestic diesel national standard GB19147-2009 requires a sulfur content of ≤350ppm, while ECR-DOC technology requires that the sulfur content of oil products be below 10ppm, so there are currently no conditions for promotion in China. SCR can withstand 350ppm sulfur-containing oils, so it has a technical basis for promotion. Because the National IV engine using SCR technology has better fuel economy than EGR technology, requires less engine modifications, has lower requirements for fuel and oil, has advantages in the continuity of technology upgrades, has good durability of the SCR catalytic converter and does not have catalytic converter clogging. risk, therefore SCR technology is the most suitable technical route for heavy-duty diesel vehicle emission reduction that is most suitable for my country’s national conditions.
Urea for vehicles is a urea aqueous solution with a concentration of 32.5% and ultrapure water as the solvent. The raw materials for production are urea crystals and ultrapure water. The key point is the purity of the raw materials. From the perspective of production technology, although the purity requirements of raw materials for automotive urea are higher than those for general industrial use, the current domestic technology can already meet the needs of practical applications. The production process of automotive urea is not sufficient to create high entry barriers.
Domestic vehicle urea is mainly purified from industrial urea. The main principles are: 1) At a temperature of 70-75°C, urea hydrolyzes in an aqueous solution. 2) When the temperature is below 30°C, urea crystallizes out of the aqueous solution again. 3) Each time it is hydrolyzed and crystallized, its purity will be greatly improved. Generally, one hydrolysis and crystallization of industrial grade urea can meet the automotive urea standard requirements, and its output ratio is 1.5:1.
Urea for vehicles must use first-grade ultrapure water from the electronics industry. Since the SCR catalyst carrier of automotive urea is easily poisoned by metal ions and loses its catalytic effect, the automotive urea solution must use first-grade ultrapure water in the electronics industry (resistivity ≥18MΩ?cm). Urea solution for vehicles will start to freeze at -11°C, and will completely freeze at -20°C in actual use. The current technology is to prevent the solution from solidifying by adding modifiers to lower the freezing point of the solution and adding an external heating device.
Vehicle urea solution (AdBlue) is a solution prepared with high-purity urea and pure water without any other additives. The urea content in the solution is 32.5% (mass fraction). Most heavy-duty diesel engine manufacturers at home and abroad adopt SCR (selective catalytic reduction) technology to meet the requirements of Euro IV and Euro V motor vehicle emission standards. Vehicles that choose SCR technology must add urea solution as a catalytic reducer to make the vehicle meet emission standards.
Diesel engine exhaust treatment fluid (commonly known as: automotive urea, automotive urea, automotive environmental urea) is called AdBlue in China and Europe, DEF in the Americas, and ARLA32 in Brazil. AdBlue is It is a high-purity transparent liquid composed of 32.5% high-purity urea and 67.5% deionized water. It has a light ammonia smell. If spilled, the water evaporates and crystals form. AdBlue is used in cars, trucks, buses and heavy-duty off-road diesel engine vehicles equipped with SCR (selective catalytic reduction exhaust after-treatment) systems. It is a consumable that must be used in SCR technology. Together with the SCR catalyst, it The harmful nitrogen oxides emitted by diesel engines are converted into harmless water vapor and nitrogen. The main components of the SCR system include catalyst, AdBlue injection device, AdBlue container and AdBlue dosage controller. Almost all heavy-duty vehicle manufacturers in Europe, the United States and Asia, including China, also equip their vehicles with selective catalytic reduction systems and AdBlue working fluid to meet new nitrogen oxide emission standards (such as Euro IV and Euro V) AdBlue and Under the simultaneous action of SCR technology, it can optimize engine performance and fuel consumption, reduce diesel consumption by up to 6%, and significantly reduce costs. The average consumption of AdBlue is 5% of typical diesel consumption, which is approximately 1.5 liters per 100 kilometers of highway driving. AdBlue may only be used in engine combinations equipped with an SCR system as it is neither a fuel nor a fuel additive. AdBlue implements standards within ISO22241, DIN70070 and CEFIC regulations to ensure effective operation of the SCR system. AdBlue is not hazardous to the environment and is classified as a minimum risk transportable liquid.
Currently, domestic automotive urea production is dominated by small and medium-sized private enterprises and lacks channel sales capabilities. Domestic automotive urea is mainly produced by Jiangsu Kelansu, Liaoning Rundi, Jingmai Chemical, Beijing Yili and other companies. The annual production capacity of each company ranges from 100,000 to 300,000 tons. Among them, Jiangsu Kelansu and Liaoning Rundi have an annual production capacity of 300,000 tons, and have a series of modifier patents to address the low-temperature coagulation of urea for vehicles.
Jiangsu Kelansu has exported Kelansu vehicle urea solution to Russia, Eastern Europe and South America. But for current small private enterprises, the inability to master core sales channels is the fundamental weakness of their development.
Applicable to cars, trucks, buses and buses whose diesel engines meet the National IV emission standards